Why buchholz relay installed in inclined position

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Faults that occur inside an oil-filled transformer generates heat, much enough to decompose the insulating oil. Decomposition of oil produces gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane etc. These gases gradually move towards the conservator through the connecting pipe, but a part of which get trapped inside the Buchholz relay.

The trapped gases displace oil inside the relay. Hence the level of oil in it falls, activating the float switches inside. In the case of large faults, a huge amount of gases are produced by the decomposition of oil. This results in an oil surge that moves towards the oil conservator.

This oil surge pushes down the flap attached to the transformer side its outlet. This part can be understood only after reading the following sections. The external casing and terminal box of a Buchholz relay are made up of aluminum alloy.

It is a weatherproof and oil-tight design that holds inside two float switches, one at the top and the other at the bottom, for sensing oil level and flap to sense oil surge.

These switches are connected to the terminals within the terminal box at the top of the relay. An inspection window is provided to monitor the oil level inside it. The viewing window is fitted with scaled sight glasses which enables the monitoring of the oil level inside the relay.

A gas release cork is provided at its top to expel the accumulated gases. An electrical circuit contact test button and the terminals are enclosed in a weather-resistant cast aluminium alloy terminal box fitted at the top of the relay.