Squeezing the stinger will inject more venom. If the person has emergency allergy medication available, administer it to them. If the person has stopped breathing or their heart has stopped beating, CPR will be needed. At the hospital, people with anaphylaxis are given adrenaline, the common name for epinephrine, medication to minimize the reaction. In addition, you may receive oxygen, cortisone, an antihistamine , or a fast-acting beta-agonist inhaler. Some people may go into anaphylactic shock.
Sometimes, it can cause a heart attack. All of these complications are potentially fatal. Avoid the allergen that can trigger a reaction. If you are considered at risk for having anaphylaxis, your healthcare provider will suggest you carry adrenaline medication, such as epinephrine injector, to counter the reaction.
The injectable version of this medication is usually stored in a device known as an auto-injector. An auto-injector is a small device that carries a syringe filled with a single dose of the medication. As soon as you begin to have symptoms of anaphylaxis, press the auto-injector against your thigh. Regularly check the expiration date and replace any auto-injector that is due to expire. Most allergies aren't serious and are easily controlled, but some allergy attacks can be life-threatening.
Learn about first aid for anaphylaxis here…. Real parents and patients discuss severe allergies and anaphylaxis including emergency procedures, epinephrine auto-injectors, and tips for avoiding…. In combination with a few other factors, exercise can cause anaphylaxis. Bee sting allergy refers to a serious bodily reaction to bee venom. Learn about symptoms and treatment.
Biphasic anaphylaxis is a secondary anaphylactic reaction. Symptoms are often milder but still require medical treatment. Learn more here.
Getting a shot of emergency epinephrine as quickly as possible can save your life — but what should you do afterward? There aren't many known risk factors for anaphylaxis, but some things that might increase the risk include:.
The best way to prevent anaphylaxis is to stay away from substances that cause this severe reaction. If you have food allergies, carefully read the labels of all the foods you buy and eat. Manufacturing processes can change, so it's important to periodically recheck the labels of foods you commonly eat.
When eating out, ask how each dish is prepared, and find out what ingredients it contains. Even small amounts of food you're allergic to can cause a serious reaction. Even if you're careful, at some point you'll likely be exposed to what you're allergic to.
Fortunately, you can respond quickly and effectively to an allergy emergency by knowing the signs and symptoms of an anaphylactic reaction and having a plan to quickly treat those symptoms.
Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Campbell RL, et al. Anaphylaxis: Acute diagnosis.
Accessed June 27, American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. Accessed Nov. Anaphylaxis happens when the body reacts to a foreign substance as if it were a serious threat to health. The most common triggers for these reactions are medications, foods, and insect stings. Some foods that often trigger allergic reactions include:. Any substance that causes an allergic reaction is called an allergen. For some people, even minimal exposure to traces of an allergen can cause a severe reaction.
In its reaction to an allergen, the body produces large amounts of histamine — a signaling molecule that can trigger an inflammatory response. In a person experiencing anaphylaxis, the airways often become narrow, making breathing difficult. In addition, the blood vessels may leak, causing edema , a type of swelling that results from the accumulation of fluid. The reaction may happen immediately after contact with the allergen or within hours of contact.
Very occasionally, it happens days later. The person may also have itchy, red, watery eyes, a headache , and cramping of the uterus. They may have a metallic taste in their mouth. Severe breathing difficulties, a significant drop in blood pressure, or both can lead to shock, which can be fatal.
If the person has a history of severe reactions, they may be carrying an adrenaline, or epinephrine, injection kit. It may contain an auto-injector, such as an EpiPen. If a child needs the medication, calm them first, and ensure that they are still. This will leave both hands free to operate the device.
When using an EpiPen injector, it is essential to :. After the dose is administered, the orange end will cover the needle and the window of the device will be blocked. If the needle tip is still visible, do not reuse the needle. Never flip off the blue safety release with a thumb — always use two hands to prepare the injector.
Removing the safety release incorrectly can cause the injector to release its contents too early. As a result, there may be no medication in the device when the person administers it. There are different types of injector. While they generally work in the same way, the instructions for each type may be slightly different. While waiting for help, ensure that the person can breathe.
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